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# Important Security Information

If you're going to use JCrypt in any of your plugins, make *sure* you use **JCryptCipherCrypto**; it's the only one that's cryptographically secure. (It's [version 1.1 of Defuse Security's encryption library](https://github.com/defuse/php-encryption)).

```php
$cipher = new JCryptCipherCrypto();
$key = $cipher->generateKey(); // Store this for long-term use

$message = "We're all living on a yellow submarine!";
$ciphertext = $cipher->encrypt($message, $key);
$decrypted = $cipher->decrypt($ciphertext, $key);
```

## Avoid these Ciphers if Possible

* `JcryptCipher3Des`
* `JcryptCipherBlowfish`
* `JcryptCipherMcrypt`
* `JcryptCipherRijndael256`

All of these ciphers are vulnerable to something called a [chosen-ciphertext attack](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chosen-ciphertext_attack). The only provable way to prevent chosen-ciphertext attacks is to [use authenticated encryption](https://paragonie.com/blog/2015/05/using-encryption-and-authentication-correctly), preferrably in an [Encrypt-then-MAC construction](http://www.thoughtcrime.org/blog/the-cryptographic-doom-principle/).

The only JCrypt cipher that meets the *authenticated encryption* criteria is **`JCryptCipherCrypto`**.

## Absolutely Avoid JCryptCipherSimple

`JCryptCipherSimple` is deprecated and will be removed in Joomla 4. It's vulnerable to a known plaintext attack: If you know any information about the plaintext (e.g. the first character is '<'), an attacker can recover bits of the encryption key with ease.

If an attacker can influence the message, they can actually steal your encryption key. Here's how:

1. Feed `str_repeat('A', 256)` into your application, towards `JCryptCipherSimple`.
2. Observe the output of the cipher (the ciphertext).
3. Run it through this code:

```php
function recoverJcryptCipherSimpleKey($ciphertext, $knownPlaintext)
{
    $key = '';
    for ($i = 0; $i < strlen($knownPlaintext); ++$i) {
      $key.= chr(ord($ciphertext[$i]) ^ ord($knownPlaintext[$i]));
    }
}

$key = recoverJcryptCipherSimpleKey(
    $someEncryptedTextOutput,
    str_repeat('A', 256)
);
```

Given how trivial it is to steal the encryption key from this cipher, you absolutely should not use it.